Shu-Hui Wen
Tzu-Chi University, Taiwan
Title: The effectiveness of antibiotic-loaded bone cement for preventing postoperative infection in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty
Biography
Shu-Hui Wen has completed her PhD from National Taiwan University, Taiwan. She is an Associate Professor of Department of Public Health, Tzu-Chi University in Taiwan. Recently, her research focuses on the application of statistical techniques to the design, analysis and interpretation of secondary database arising from public health or clinical studies. Together with her students and collaborators, she has been working on different areas of surgical approaches, Chinese medicine and antihypertensive medicines. Currently this has led her to focus on Pharmaco-Epidemiology research. She has published more than 30 papers in reputed journals.
Abstract
The study question focuses on the effectiveness of antibiotic-loaded bone cement (ALBC) for preventing postoperative infection in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Infection has remained being a rare but serious complication after TKA. However, the use of ALBC for reducing the occurrence of infection is debated. We used the National Inpatient Database, which was provided by National Health Research Institutes. We included 16,108 TKA adult patients between January and November, 2012. There were 5,605 patients (34.8%) using ALBC. The postoperative 30-day infection and acute renal failure were compared. We adopted multi-level logistic regression models to adjust for potential confounding factors with consideration of hospital levels (including medical centers, metropolitam hospitals, and local communitiy hospitals). The odds ratio (OR) of infection in ALBC use group and 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated. The main compositions of ALBC were vancomycin (71.7%), followed by gentamicin (30.7%), and cefuroxime (12.4%). Among patients with ALBC use, 83.8% patient had one type of antibiotics, nevertheless 16.0% patients had two combided antibiotics. We found that the use of ALBC could not reduce the postoperative 30-day infection. When conducting multi-level logistic regression model, there remained no favorable effect of ALBC in reducing postopeartive infection (OR= 0.80, 95% CI: 0.50-1.26, p= 0.329). For risk of acute renal failure for ALBC users, the sample size (n=7) is too small to evaluate. In conclusion, there was no significant benefit of ALBC in reducing postoperative 30-day infection in patients undergoing TKA.
Xi Hui Wang
Southeast University, China
Title: Preparation and tumor-suppressing effects of folic acid-targeted temperature-sensitive magnetoliposomes in ovarian cancer
Biography
Abstract
Background & Aim: Ovarian cancer is a tumor with a poor prognosis. It is a common gynecological malignancy and because of the heat sensitivity and the unique nature of ovarian cancer development, the development of effective anti-ovarian cancer techniques involving hyperthermia may have clinical value. We prepared folate-targeted thermosensitive liposomes wrapped with 17-AAG chemotherapy drugs and superparamagnetic material (17-AAG/MTSLs-FA) and assessed combined magnetic fluid hyperthermia with ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells in vitro and in vivo. Methods: The magnetic thermosensitive liposomes wrapped with 17-AAG chemotherapy drugs and chemically co-precipitated Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles were prepared by a rotary evaporation method. The liposome morphology and distribution was observed using TEM, particle size and zeta potential were measured by a dynamic light scattering method, drug encapsulation efficiency was detected by UV spectrophotometry and the temperature- controlled release properties were determined by a dialysis method. Experiments were conducted using the SKOV3 human ovarian cancer cell line and MCF7 human breast carcinoma cells to evaluate anti-tumor effects. Results: 17-AAG/MTSLs-FA prepared in this study met the basic requirements; the preparation method is simple and the raw materials are readily available. The product exhibited strong magnetic and high encapsulation efficiencies, good performance and low toxicity. The liposomes combined with hyperthermia inhibited the proliferation of human ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells significantly and induced apoptosis. There was an intergroup difference in doubling time in vitro and in vivo (P<0.05). Conclusions: Folic acid-conjugated 17-AAG magnetic thermosensitive liposomes in combination with an alternating magnetic field for heating can achieve a combined synergistic anti-tumor effect of the chemotherapy and heat treatment, potentially offering a new method for ovarian cancer treatment.